Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist
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Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist
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| Available structures: 1ilr, 1ilt, 1ira, 1irp, 2irt | ||||||||||||||
| Identifiers | ||||||||||||||
| Symbol(s) | IL1RN; IL1RA; ICIL-1RA; IL-1ra3; IL1F3; IRAP; MGC10430 | |||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 147679 MGI: 96547 HomoloGene: 11163 | |||||||||||||
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| RNA expression pattern | ||||||||||||||
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| Orthologs | ||||||||||||||
| Human | Mouse | |||||||||||||
| Entrez | 3557 | 16181 | ||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000136689 | ENSMUSG00000026981 | ||||||||||||
| Uniprot | P18510 | Q3TBV5 | ||||||||||||
| Refseq | NM_000577 (mRNA) NP_000568 (protein) |
NM_001039701 (mRNA) NP_001034790 (protein) |
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| Location | Chr 2: 113.59 - 113.61 Mb | Chr 2: 24.16 - 24.17 Mb | ||||||||||||
| Pubmed search | [1] | [2] | ||||||||||||
The IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) was initially called the IL-1 inhibitor and was discovered separately in 1984 by two independent laboratories.[1] IL-1RA, is an agent which binds to the same receptor on the cell surface as IL-1 (IL1R), and thus prevents IL-1 from sending a signal to that cell. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease in which IL-1 plays a key role. It is commercially produced as anakinra, which is a human recombinant form of IL-1RA. In terms of protein similarities, IL-1β is more closely related to IL-1RA than it is to IL- 1α. The amino acids that are identical between mature human IL-1α and mature IL-1β is 22% while it is 26% when comparing IL-1β to IL-1RA and only 18% when comparing IL-1α to IL-1RA.[1]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This protein inhibits the activities of interleukin 1, alpha (IL1A) and interleukin 1, beta (IL1B), and modulates a variety of interleukin 1 related immune and inflammatory responses. This gene and five other closely related cytokine genes form a gene cluster spanning approximately 400 kb on chromosome 2. A polymorphism of this gene is reported to be associated with increased risk of osteoporotic fractures and gastric cancer. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.[2]
[edit] References
- ^ a b C.A. Dinarello. The interleukin-1 family: 10 years of discovery. FASEB Journal. Volume 8, Issue 15, 1994, pages 1314-25. PMID 8001745
- ^ Entrez Gene: IL1RN interleukin 1 receptor antagonist.
[edit] Further reading
- Arend WP, Malyak M, Guthridge CJ, Gabay C (1998). "Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist: role in biology.". Annu. Rev. Immunol. 16: 27–55. doi:. PMID 9597123.
- Adcock IM, Ito K (2000). "Molecular mechanisms of corticosteroid actions.". Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace / Fondazione clinica del lavoro, IRCCS [and] Istituto di clinica tisiologica e malattie apparato respiratorio, Università di Napoli, Secondo ateneo 55 (3): 256–66. PMID 10948677.
- Arend WP (2003). "The balance between IL-1 and IL-1Ra in disease.". Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 13 (4-5): 323–40. PMID 12220547.
- Sehouli J, Mustea A, Könsgen D, et al. (2003). "Polymorphism of IL-1 receptor antagonist gene: role in cancer.". Anticancer Res. 22 (6A): 3421–4. PMID 12530098.
- Kamangar F, Cheng C, Abnet CC, Rabkin CS (2007). "Interleukin-1B polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk--a meta-analysis.". Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 15 (10): 1920–8. doi:. PMID 17035400.
[edit] External links
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